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\ 7 Sheets-Sheet ik. LEONARD, GIRGULAR VVHA/'IIIG No. 32,461. l Patented June 4, 1861.

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LBONARD. GIRGULAR WEAVING.

Patented June 4,'1861.

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LQBUNARD. CIRCULAR WBAVING.

No. 32,461. Patented Junell, 1861.

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LEONARD. UIRGUL'AR WEAVING.

Patented June 4. 1861.

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. 7 SheetsQ-Sheet `6. .L. BONARD. CIRCULAR WEAVING.

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LOUIS BONARD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CIRCULAR LOOM FOR WEAVING HATS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 32,461, dated June 4, 1861.

i To all whom' 'tt may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS BONARD, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Loom` for vWeaving Hats and-other Circular Objects; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had' to the accompanying drawings, making part o f this specication, in whicl Figure l, is a vertical section of the said loom.' Fig. 2, is a plan of the lower member of the revolving frame. Fig. 3, is a plan of the second member of the saine. Fig. Ll, is a plan of the stationary frame for carrying the woof holders and elevating the warp as hereinafter described. Fig. 5, isa vertical section of the same. Fig. 6, is a plan of the woof holder on a larger scale. Fig. 7, is a vertical longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 8, is an elevation of a portion of the warp carrier and devices for ele vating the warp. The remaining figures are detached views hereinafter referred to.

The invention consists, lst, in certain devices for carrying operating and guiding the warp holders; 2nd, in devices for laying the woof in circular form; 3rd, in devices for forming the crown of the hat.

A, represents a vertical shaft or axis upon which rotates a frame H, P, T, supported at its periphery on wheels G, ruiming in bearings upon the bed of the machine.

P and T, are a pair of rings connected at. a short distance apart by links M, N, and formed withcorresponding vertical slots to carry and guide the warp holders as hereinafter explained. A. key Q, is placed in each of the slots in the iing P, the said key being at its outer end provided with a projecting lug to elevate it `as hereinafter eX plained and at its inner end with a hook upon which an india rubber ring is placed as shown in Fig. 8, to form an elastic attachment for the warp.

R, R, are sliding pins placed beneath the keys Q, to elevate the latter at the proper time as hereinafter explained;

S, represents a circular beveled rack at` tached to the under side of the ring P, and gearing with a bevel cog wheel C, which runs upon a horizontal journal B secured to the stationary bed of the machine. D, is a smaller wheel also mounted upon the jour-r nal B, and caused to turn in unison with the tions the latter of which act to elevate such of the pins R, as come in contact with them as will be clearly understood, when the operationof the machine is explained.

U,y is a frame (called by me the wagon placed concentrically on the exterior of the rings P, T, and supported upon wheels or rollers W, upon a flange projecting horizontally from the ring P, so as to permit the rings to revolve independently of the wagon, the latter being held stationary by means of catches one of which is particularly shown in Fig. 9, which represents an elevation of a portion of the wagon U, and ring T, and one of the yokes M, N. j

, Z, is a catch pivoted to the wagon as shown and engaging with a spring latch pivoted to a projection from the stationary bed of the machine and held in its elevated position by means of a spring e. Two of these catches being provided on opposite sides of the machine permit the passage of the yokes M, and close automatically when the yokes have passed but being never open at one time effectually prevent the rotation of the wagon.

U, U, in Figs. 4, 5, and 8, are oblique flanges projecting from the inner face of the wagon U, and called by methe slide ways being adapted to receive the keys which are elevated by the wheels C, D, E, and pins R, and as the rings continuato rotate to carry them into `the grooves of the upper ring and entirely above the space between the rings P, and T.

Figs. 6 and 7, are respectively a plan and a vertical section of the woof carrier one of which is secured to the wagon U, immediately beneath the most elevated part of the slide way projecting horizontally inward toward the center and through the space between the rings P, and T. In the present illustration three of the said'woof carl riers are employed. Their construction is as follows. @A is a anged bar secured to the wagon and having on its inner end a sleeve QB to which is pivoteda head consisting of a crescent @C and projecting arm QD. @E is a link formed of a right and left screw and nut and attached at its respective ends to the arm QD, and stationary bar @A to set the head @C @D at any angle desired. @F is a screw bolt secured by collars from endwise movement within the bar @A and threaded in the sleeve @B so as to regulate automatically the position and angle of the head @C @D through the agency of a toothed wheel QH and tappets m, (Fig. l). As hereinafter explained V, (Fig. 4L) are bobbins carrying the woof. X, are eyes through which the woof passes to. the laying mechanism.

The vertical sides of the hat crown are formed by means of the following mechanism (see Figs. 1, 3 and l0). k, is a form upon which the crown of the hat is woven as hereinafter explained. The said form is supported and elevated concentrically in the revolving warp frame, by means of the following mechanism. z', is a stationary cog wheel keyed to the .central shaft A. z", is an intermediate cog wheel journaled to the rotary frame and running in gear with the wheel z'. i, is a cog wheel journaled upon a shaft which is clamped in a segmental slot as shown in Fig. 3, so as to be set in or out of gear with the wheel i. .The wheel i, carries a pulley j, which through the medium of an endless chain y'z, imparts motion to a pulley J, running loosely on the shaft A, and carrying a sleeve J2, threaded on its exterior. The rotation of the sleeve J2, elevates the form 7c, through the medium of a nut J 3. J is a hand wheel carrying a threaded sleeve J 4, gearing with a nut J 5 by means of which the form is elevated independently of the sleeve J 2. K, is a catch which is placed in the position shown in Fig. l, to arrest the motion of the hand wheel J when it is desired to elevate the form automatically. GK, is a cylindrical bell placed concentrically over the form'K, to form the vertical sides of the crown as hereinafter explained. @j is a hand-screw by means of which the bell @K is held down in any desired position.

The operation of weaving a hat is performed as follows The warp cut in suitable lengths is stretched diametrically across the machine and secured to the india rubber rings upon the keys Q, an odd number of the keys and about vone eighth part of the whole being thus supplied. The woof is then taken from the bobbins V, through glass eyes X, and through apertures in the woof carriers, to the center of the machine where it is secured to the top of the form K. The heads @C of the woof carriers are now adjusted with their points near the center of the warp frame H, l?, T, set in motion in the direction indicated by arrows in Figs. 3, and 8, and motion thereby imparted to the wheels C, D, which have previously been supplied with a rim F, of any desired pattern. In passing over the wheel D, such of the pins R, as are received by the cavities in the rim F, impart no rising motion to their keys Q, but suffer the latter to remain within the cavities of the lower ring P, and thus-pass beneath the slide way U and the bar @A of the woof carrier. Such of the pinsR, as come in contact with the projections of the rim F, are thereby elevated and raise their keys sufficiently to deposit their projecting lugs upon the lower end of the slide way so that the continuedmotion of the warp frame carries the said keys up the slide way U by means of which they are elevated completely within the slots of the upper ring T, and thus enabled to pass above the woof carrier after which they descend again into the slots of the ring P. By this means a strand of woof is laid by each woof carrier at every revolution of the machine, the point of the crescent serving to compact it l between the threads of the warp. The pivoted tappets m, impart an intermittent motion to the toothed wheels @H which acting upon the screw @F and sleeve @G gradually retracts the point of the crescent @C to suit the increasing diameter of the web. As the diameter of the web increases new threads of warp are inserted by securing their respective ends to the unoccupied india rubber rings and the edge of the web and the work thus .progresses until the diameter of the web slightly exceeds that desired for the horizontal top of the crown. The form K, is now run up by means of the hand wheel J until it raises the web slightly in the center. The bell CK, is then placed upon the web concentrically above the form la, and secured by the hand screw Qj, the web projecting slightly beyond the sides of the bell. The catch K, is now turned down to the position shown in Fig. 1, and the wheel i, set in gear with the intermediate wheel z", causing the rotation of the warp frame to gradually elevate the form K, through the medium of gearing z', i', z', pulleys J, j, endless chain j2,threaded sleeve J 2, and nut J 3, which forces the web up into the bell @K compressing it tightly around the form K, as fast as laid, sufficient of the web remaining outside the bell, for the laying mechanism C, to act on. When the vertical part of the crown is completed the wheel i, is again thrown out of gear so as to'stop the elevation of the form K, and the brim of the hat is formed in the manner previously explained in reference to the horizontal top of the crown.

Some descriptions of common work may be more expeditiously performed by weaving the horizontal top of the crown in an ordinary loom and then setting the work in the machine to complete it.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent: is,

1. The rotary rings T, and P, constructed with corresponding slots to guide the keys as set forth, and operating in connection with stationary weft carriers.

2. The twin Wheels C, and D, and notched ring F, or their equivalents for elevating the keys as set forth.

3. The slide Way U- appled to the Wagon U, 'and operating in connection-With pins R, and a notched elevating Wheel of any suitable form, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The laying mechanism QA, QB, QC, QD, (DE, QF, GG, QH, constructed and operating substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. The form K, and bell @K combined and operating substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. The india. rubber rings applied to the keys Q, to afford an elastic attachment for the Warp as set forth. Y

L. BONARD.

Witnesses:

CHARLES B. STEWART, MOGINNIS SANDS. 

